• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
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    • 专利摘要:
    An unloading station (10; 100; 120; 150) and method for automatically separating a container (20) mounted on a loading aid (16), in particular a tray (18), with a peripheral edge (50) of substantially constant height (HR) is supported by the loading aid (16), the unloading station having a feed conveyor (12) and an endlessly circulating separating conveyor (14), the feed conveyor (12) extending the loading aid (16) longitudinally downstream (32). to the separating conveyor (14) promotes, wherein a conveying plane (54) of the feed conveyor (12) forms an acute angle (a) with a conveying plane (52) of the separating conveyor (14), wherein in particular the feed conveyor (12) in the direction of the horizontally oriented Separation conveyor (14) drops, and wherein the separation conveyor (14) is arranged relative to the feed conveyor (12) that the edge (50) of the loading aid (16) below the separation conveyor (14) is conveyed through, so that a front, the feed conveyor (12) facing the end of the separating conveyor (14), when a loading aid (16) is conveyed under the separating conveyor (18) through, on the container (20) comes into abutment and the container (20) from the Loading aid (16) on the separating conveyor (14) lifts and thus separated from the loading aid (16).
    公开号:AT12567U1
    申请号:TGM433/2011U
    申请日:2010-02-09
    公开日:2012-07-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Ssi Schaefer Peem Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Austrian Patent Office AT12 567B1 2012-07-15
    description
    DISCHARGE STATION FOR THE AUTOMATIC DISCONNECTION OF A PACKAGE FROM A LOADING AIDS
    The present invention relates to an unloading station for the automated separation of one or more containers from a loading aid, which is formed with a preferably peripheral edge. Furthermore, a method for automated separation of the containers of loading equipment is proposed.
    There are known removal devices that are used either for depalletizing a pallet or for article removal from trays or containers.
    WO 2008/040037 describes a removal station for removing articles from a pallet. The removal station has a conveyor belt which is mounted in a movable machine frame. The machine frame is movable relative to the stationary pallet to move the conveyor belt forward and backward during removal of an article of pallet layer, i. on the pallet to and from the pallet, to be able to move. Furthermore, the frame is height-adjustable to move to a new pallet position in the vertical direction after a previously stored above pallet position was removed. The control of the movements is relatively complex, since the forward and backward movements of the conveyor belt must be adjusted to a tilting movement of the currently to be taken article. Furthermore, the conveyor belt has a movable mechanism at its end facing the pallet in order to vary a size of a conveyor belt surface which effectively acts on the article. The temporal coordination of the area change depending on the tilting state of the article has proven to be difficult and disadvantageous.
    DE 26 31 942 also discloses a conventional Depalettierungsvorrichtung for removing boxes, boxes and the like from a packed pallet. A horizontally mounted movable Abziehförderer has at its end facing the pallet on an upstream, freely rotatable role. During forward movement of the depalletizer, this exposed roller is pushed under a box and thus tilts the box. The tipped box can then be transported away with the help of the Abziehförderers. Alternatively, the freely rotatable roller is omitted. In this case, the front pulley of the puller directly engages a lower edge of the carton. One or more pulleys of Abziehförderers are movably mounted in each of these embodiments.
    This Depalettiervorrichtung also has the disadvantage that the Abziehförderer must be moved to remove. This increases the control effort.
    Another conventional solution is disclosed in EP 1 462 393 B1. There shelves are proposed with openings in the tray bottom. Lifting pins pass through the floor and lift the items stored in the tray. Raised articles can then be pushed off with laterally arranged sliders in the horizontal direction.
    Furthermore, a similar lifting mechanism for containers is known. In this case, plates are inserted into the container whose bottom is also provided with openings for the passage of lifting pins.
    A disadvantage of all conventional removal mechanisms is the relatively low throughput. Articles can not be taken continuously. The loading aids are stopped for the purpose of removal.
    The document US 4,273,496 discloses a device for digging baked pizzas from baking trays, wherein the pizzas are dug by means of pins. The document DE 26 31 942 discloses a Depalettiervorrichtung.
    It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved unloading station 1/27 Austrian Patent Office AT12 567B1 2012-07-15. In particular, the unloading station should be able to automatically unload trays that are stocked with boxes or containers. The trays have in particular a peripheral edge with finite vertical extent. The throughput should be as high as possible and the complexity of the control as low as possible.
    This object is achieved with a discharge station for automated separation of a container which is mounted on a loading aid, in particular a tray with a, preferably circumferential, edge which has a substantially constant height, of a loading aid, wherein the unloading station a feed conveyor; and a separation conveyor; wherein the feed conveyor conveys the load carrier in the longitudinal direction downstream of the separation conveyor, wherein a feed plane of the feed conveyor forms an acute angle with a conveying plane of the separating conveyor, wherein in particular the feed conveyor falls towards the horizontally oriented separating conveyor, and wherein the separating conveyor is so arranged relative to the feed conveyor in that the edge of the loading aid is conveyable below the separating conveyor, such that a front end of the separating conveyor facing the feeding conveyor, when a loading aid is conveyed under the separating conveyor, comes into contact with the container and the container from the loading aid onto the separating conveyor lifts and thus separates from the load carrier.
    The present invention differs from the conventional solutions in that the articles are separated from the trays by means of the conveyors in the flow. Although a separating conveyor (webbing) has been used in the prior art, but then to unload stationary loading equipment, such as pallets, or to separate the stacked articles on it. In the present case, two dynamic conveyors are used, so that the articles can remain permanently in motion during a separation process. This measure can significantly increase the throughput (separate item / hour).
    The control effort is low. Position sensors, such as photoelectric sensors, can be omitted. Complex control processes, as used for example in the aforementioned solution according to WO 2008/040037, are not required in the present invention. In the present invention, only the transport speeds of the two conveyors are suitably matched to each other.
    Gripping and lifting mechanisms, such as e.g. Lifting pins are also not required. Therefore, the present invention is structurally simple and inexpensive.
    According to a preferred embodiment, means for fixing the loading aid are mounted on the conveyor on a conveyor of Zuführför-derers on the feed conveyor.
    This may be, for example, transversely extending strips which are mounted on a belt of the feed conveyor to prevent slippage of the trays against a conveying direction of the feed conveyor. The fixing devices thus serve as a stop, should there be slippage between the trays and the belt during a separation process.
    Further, it is advantageous if a conveying means of the feed conveyor made of a material with high static friction or at least partially coated with this material (on its transport surface).
    Also in this way it is prevented that the tray is moved (by the front end of the separating conveyor) against the transport direction when the front end of the separating conveyor comes into contact with an end face of the cardboard or container to be unloaded. However, jams do not occur due to the article being clamped between the front end of the separation conveyor and the fixed tray because the conveying planes of the feed conveyor and the separation conveyor form a preferably acute angle with each other. are not parallel to each other. The present invention enables an automated separation of the container from the load carrier in a very reliable manner, in particular without system failures.
    In a further preferred embodiment, the feed conveyor is operated continuously 2/27 Austrian Patent Office AT12 567B1 2012-07-15.
    As already mentioned above, the continuous feed allows an increase in throughput over conventional approaches, in which the feed conveyor must be stopped, for example, to give a gripper sufficient time to grab the (stationary) carton.
    Also, it is advantageous if below the separating conveyor (lateral) skids are arranged, hold down the longitudinally extending portions of the edge of the loading aid during a separation process such that the loading aid is not lifted onto the separating conveyor.
    This measure has the effect that the tray can not get between the feed and the separation conveyor, so that caused by congestion system failures can be avoided. It also ensures that empty trays are reliably transported away.
    Even if a carton is delivered wedged in the tray, prevent the runners that the tray is lifted onto the separating conveyor.
    In addition, it is preferred if the separation conveyor is a belt conveyor, in particular a knife band.
    Belt conveyors are particularly suitable as a separation conveyor, since their funding can be made of a material which the static friction between the container to be removed and the conveyor, i. the belt, increased. For example, silicone straps can be used.
    In addition, a pulley at the front end of the separation conveyor may be provided with spikes in areas that lie outside of the belt. In this case, the pulley is longer (or wider) than the belt is wide. This has the advantage that in addition to the frictional connection, which is generated between the container and the belt for lifting the container from the tray, a positive connection for lifting the container can be generated. It is understood that in this case the container is preferably a carton, which can accommodate the thorns in its outer skin of cardboard. The carton is then wider than the belt to create space for the thorns on the left and / or right of the belt. Alternatively, the spikes can also be provided over the entire carton width, provided that the drive of the role is realized by other means.
    For plastic containers that are stored on trays, however, this solution is less suitable, since the plastic container would be too much damaged in repeated repeating a lifting cycle. For lifting plastic containers, however, eyelets can be provided on the front of the container, which interact with hooks - instead of spikes - on the deflection roller of the separation conveyor. The eyelets are arranged relative to the front side so that they can interact with the hooks of the diverting pulley when the feed conveyor has moved the front of the container in the immediate vicinity of the front end of the diverting conveyor. The mounting height of the eyelets of course also depends on the angle at which the two conveyors are arranged to each other.
    According to a further advantageous embodiment, the separation conveyor on a buffer device, so that the front end of the separation conveyor during a separation process can partially withdraw (in the flow direction).
    The arranged at the front end guide roller of an exemplary belt conveyor (separation conveyor) may be stored so that it is displaceably mounted against the transport direction of the feed conveyor. For this purpose, the frame of the separation conveyor may have slots in which the axis of the deflection roller is mounted to the rear (downstream) movable against a spring force. The spring force causes the deflection roller is moved back to its original starting position after a successful lifting. The spring device is preferably set up so that the farther the deflection roller is pushed back, the greater the spring force becomes.
    This type of buffer device prolongs the effective way in which the front end is in contact with the carton or container. Thus, the effective path length or time increases while the carton or container can be excavated before there is a mechanical blockage in which the bundle is trapped between the infeed conveyor and the dividing conveyor.
    It is understood that the spring device can be provided in a different role than the deflection roller of the front end of the separation conveyor.
    Furthermore, an embodiment has proven to be favorable, in which the separating conveyor is pivotally mounted in the region of its rear end, so that the front end of the separating conveyor during a separating operation in the direction of a bottom of the loading aid is movable.
    Once the tray, more specifically, its front edge, the front end of the separation conveyor has passed, the front end can be lowered into the tray, wherein the distance between the front end of the separation conveyor and the transport surface of the supply conveyor is less than the height of the Rands will. Preferably, the front end of the separation conveyor sits on the bottom of the tray. The separating conveyor is then located near the front lower edge of the container, so that the container can be lifted without further lifting movement (perpendicular to the transport surface of the separating conveyor) on the separating conveyor. Jams due to trapped containers are excluded.
    In this way, particularly heavy containers or containers can be lifted, the focus is relatively far ahead and possibly also very low relative to the container itself. The height difference caused by the front edge of the tray, which the container must overcome when lifting, is reduced in the lowerable version to the diameter of the front (deflection) roller. In this case, the containers are delivered almost seamlessly from the bottom of the tray to the separating conveyor. The bottom of the tray and the transport plane of the separation conveyor define an obtuse angle. The closer this obtuse angle is to 180 °, the smoother the handover to the separating conveyor takes place.
    In the solution just described, it is advantageous that the pivotable front end of the separating conveyor is moved by a successful separation of the container from the load carrier power assisted out of the load carrier out into its starting position.
    This embodiment ensures that the freely pivotable, front end of the separation conveyor from its lowered state, in which it rests almost on the floor of the tray, is again moved in time from the tray out before the front end of the separation conveyor with a the rear edge of the tray collided. Such a collision would inevitably result in an emergency shutdown of the system to prevent major (mechanical) damage to the conveyors. The timing plays an important role, as will be explained below. The timing can be initiated via a suitably adapted facial expressions, which is actuated mechanically by the passing loading aid.
    The power assistance is such that the separating conveyor can be lifted out of the tray very quickly, as soon as the container, no matter how heavy it is loaded, has already reached the separating conveyor so far that its center of gravity is above the separating conveyor.
    Preferably, a position sensor is provided which detects whether a front and / or a rear edge of the container has already been lifted onto the separating conveyor. Alternatively, the position of the tray is (also) monitored, which achieves the same effect.
    With the help of the position sensor, in particular a light barrier, the transport speed of the conveyors can be influenced on the basis of the information about the current position of the container. If the position sensor is placed, for example, at the front end of the separating conveyor, it can be detected when and if a container strikes against the end. Once this information is present, the transport speed of the separating conveyor can be increased, so that the lifting force, which is caused by the circulating conveyor of the separating conveyor increases as quickly as possible to lift the lower front edge of the container on the separating conveyor. The transport speed of the separation conveyor can be kept high until the rear edge of the container has passed the front end of the separation conveyor. Subsequently, the transport speed of the separation conveyor can be lowered again.
    The passage of the rear edge of the container can also be used as a signal for the power assisted lifting of the separation conveyor from the tray.
    When the front pivotal end of the separating conveyor is resiliently mounted, the force of the spring bearing is usually not sufficient to lift the separating conveyor including the container thereon from the tray. In this case, for example, fluid cylinders (hydraulic / pneumatic) may be arranged laterally of the separating conveyor to accelerate the outward movement of the free end of the separating conveyor out of the tray by means of an external auxiliary force. The timing can be controlled via a tablature-actuated (mechanical) facial expressions.
    In a further preferred embodiment, the separation conveyor is operated at a higher speed than the feed conveyor.
    This measure causes the separation conveyor pulls the container up. Particularly in the case of the solution with the freely lowerable, front end, increasing the transport speed of the separating conveyor makes sense. In this way, the container is pulled out of the tray as quickly as possible and transported away.
    Furthermore, it has been found that it is advantageous if the separating conveyor in addition one, preferably a driven, excavating roller is such upstream that the excavating roller is pressed by the transport movement of the feed conveyor against an end face of the container and then moved under the container ,
    The excavating roller lies in the conveying plane of the separating conveyor. It is upstream of the actual separation conveyor and raises the container before it reaches the actual separation conveyor. For this purpose, the excavating roller can be driven so that the front side of the container moves upwards on the excavating roller. The excavating roller can lift the container in addition to the substantially acting frictional engagement by means of a positive connection. For this purpose, the excavating roller, as already mentioned above by way of example, can be provided with thorns or hooks, for example. The separating conveyor then serves only for the removal of the already excavated container.
    In this context, it has been found to be particularly advantageous if the excavating roller is pivotally mounted so that it is inclined in a receiving position to the feed conveyor and can be pivoted in a dispensing position, where it faces the front end of the separation conveyor and the container engages to deliver the excavated container to the separation conveyor.
    Contrary to the rigid embodiment just described above, the excavating roller moves a piece with the container in the transport direction of the feed conveyor. This can avoid that the excavating roll, especially if it is provided with thorns or the like, "eats in the container". Again, it is advantageous if the container in the delivery position of the pivoting excavating role no more lifting movement (parallel to the end face of the container) must perform more, since then a "seamless". Transition between the excavating roller and the separating conveyor is given.
    In a further particular embodiment, the feed conveyor is arranged sloping to the preferably horizontally oriented separation conveyor.
    This measure makes it easier to reach under the container, since the gravitational force acts in addition to the force which is caused by the feed conveyor. Both forces 5/27 Austrian Patent Office AT12 567B1 2012-07-15 support the transfer of the container from the infeed conveyor to the separating conveyor.
    Furthermore, it is preferred if a conveying surface of the feed conveyor is divided in the transverse direction such that one or more rollers protrude from the conveying surface, so that the container from the loading aid, the longitudinal one or more slit-like, preferably up to extending the edge of the loading aid extending recesses, is lifted when the loading aid is moved with its recesses from the feed conveyor on the rollers, wherein the separating conveyor is arranged so that it receives the excavated container before a center of gravity of the container, the rollers (relative to the transport direction of the feed conveyor).
    The arranged below the feed rollers, which either protrude rigidly from the conveying plane of the feed conveyor, or alternatively can penetrate this level by means of lifting means from below in the direction of the separating conveyor, also allow a lifting of particularly heavy and / or particularly unwieldy containers. The container is automatically tilted and thus creates space in which the downstream separating conveyor can dive with its front end, although the edge of the tray defines a height relative to the conveying plane of the feed conveyor, which must not be less than the separating conveyor. The separation conveyor then does not collide with the tablature edge. Furthermore, it is possible to dispense with position sensors, when the rollers are constantly protruding from the conveying plane of the feed conveyor, wherein the maximum height of the protruding role is limited by the height of the Tablarrands, since the edge in this embodiment must be slotted to make it the stationary roller to engage in the tray while the tray is moved across the roller.
    This solution has the further advantage that the conveyor can be operated at any speed, without having to make complex adjustments to each other.
    Even container with a focus that is either very deep and / or very far forward in the direction of flow, can be lifted so without damaging the container itself. The excavation is safe and reliable.
    Moreover, it is advantageous if the feed conveyor has a centering device, preferably baffles, to align the loading aid before a passage of the rollers with its recesses to the rollers.
    The mutual distance of the baffles may taper in the flow direction such that supplied trays reliably relative to the rollers which pass through the feed conveyor, are aligned.
    In a further preferred embodiment, the loading aid only in its bottom holes for the passage of liftable and lowerable rollers, wherein the feed conveyor has recesses in its conveying means, which are provided at least in the region of the front end of the separating conveyor, so that the Lifting means by the feed conveyor and the holes to be aligned accordingly holes in the bottom of the loading aid can engage.
    If pins are used as lifting means, then the shape of the holes in the bottom of the shelves is adapted to suit the contour of the pins, or vice versa. Preferably, rod-like pins are used so that the holes are substantially circular. In this embodiment, the feed conveyor is operated discontinuously. While the container is being lifted out of the tray, the infeed conveyor stops. Although this measure reduces the throughput, nevertheless up to 1,300 operations per hour are possible, in which, for example, 600 x 400 mm cardboard boxes are lifted and separated from approximately the same size trays.
    In the alternative embodiment, the lifting means at their end facing the feed conveyor each have a, preferably loosely rotating, roller, wherein the recesses in the bottom of the trays are slit-like. An advantage of this embodiment is that the edge of the tray does not have to be slotted. Because the rollers can be moved through the floor 6/27 Austrian Patent Office AT12 567B1 2012-07-15 be moved, the operation of the feed conveyor during excavation must not be interrupted, i. the infeed conveyor can be operated continuously. As soon as the container has been sufficiently pushed onto the separating conveyor, which is located in a shadow space defined by a excavation plane and by the edge of the tray, which can not be penetrated by the separating conveyor, the rollers can also be retracted again. In this way, the rollers do not collide with the trailing edge of the tray. In this solution, however, it is necessary to detect the relative position of the leading edge to the exit location of the rollers. With known transport speed of the feed conveyor can be calculated when the rollers must be extended and then also withdrawn to safely dig out the container without the rollers collide with the tray, in particular its edge.
    In addition, it has been proven that a control device is provided which controls a transport speed of the feed conveyor, a transport speed of the separating conveyor - in particular variable -, a pivoting movement of the free end of the separating conveyor and a lifting movement of the lifting means and / or a pivoting movement of a lifting roller ,
    The control device can synchronize the various movements by either relevant parameters are detected by means of sensors, from which the control variables can be derived or calculated, or by the operating parameters are entered in advance.
    The above-mentioned object is further achieved by a method for separating a container from a loading aid, in particular from a tray, which has a preferably substantially constant height edge, the method comprising the steps of: providing a feed conveyor and an endlessly circulating separating conveyor so that a conveying plane of the feeding conveyor is inclined with respect to a conveying plane of the separating conveyor at an acute angle, a front end of the separating conveyor being arranged so that a loading means located on the feeding conveyor can be conveyed under the separating conveyor; Feeding of loading aids including containers via the feed conveyor, preferably by continuous operation of the feed conveyor; and operating the conveying means of the feed conveyor, wherein the container of a conveying means of the separation conveyor, a pivotally mounted excavating roller, laterally opposite in a vertical plane revolving laterally drivable conveyors or lifting means below the feed conveyor, which can pass through the conveying means of the feed conveyor, raised is to be requested by the separation conveyor.
    The advantages described above in connection with the device are also established in the method just described.
    It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained not only in the particular combination, but also in other combinations or alone, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
    Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and are explained in more detail in the following description. In the drawings: Fig. 1 shows a side view of an unloading station according to the present invention; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the unloading station of Fig. 1; FIG. 3 is a side view of another unloading station according to the present invention; FIG. Fig. 4 shows still another embodiment according to the present invention in a side view; 7.27
    Austrian Patent Office Fig. 5 Fig. 6 Fig. 7 Fig. 8 Fig. 9 Fig. 10 Fig. 11 [0076] Fig. 12 AT12 567B1 2012-07-15 shows a side view of another embodiment of the present invention; shows yet another embodiment in a side view; shows a further modification of an unloading station according to the present invention; shows a schematic parallelogram of forces from a driving force of a feed conveyor according to FIG. 1; shows a schematic parallelogram of forces from a caused by a separating conveyor tangential force, in accordance with FIG. 1; shows a further modification of an unloading station according to the present invention; shows a plan view of the arrangement of Fig. 10; shows a side view of another embodiment of an unloading station according to the present invention; FIGS. 13A and 13B also show modifications of a removal station according to the invention; FIG. 14 is a side view of another removal station according to the present invention; FIG. Fig. 15 is a plan view of the arrangement of Fig. 14; Fig. 16 shows a front side of a loading aid for use with an unloading station according to Figs. 14 and 15; Fig. 17 is a plan view of the loading aid of Fig. 16; shows a modification of the loading aid according to FIG. 17; and shows a flow chart for the method according to the present invention.
    In the following description of the figures, the same elements are given the same reference numbers. Modified, but still similar features are provided with slightly different reference numerals. Several different embodiments of an unloading station according to the present invention will be explained, all of which differ only in minor differences. As a rule, in the following description of the different embodiments, the differences are essentially discussed, it being tacitly assumed that the remaining features of the unloading station according to the invention are essentially identical.
    FIG. 1 shows a side view of a first embodiment of an unloading station 10 according to the invention.
    The unloading station 10 of FIG. 1 has a feed conveyor 12 and a separating conveyor 14. Loading aids 16, such as trays 18, preferably with a peripheral edge, are conveyed to the separating conveyor 14 via the feed conveyor 12. The trays 18 can be equipped with, in particular cuboidal, containers 20 of very different dimensions. For example, a container 20 is understood to mean, for example, an empty or loaded carton 22, a (plastic) container, an article, a packaging unit or the like. 1, the carton 22 is slightly shorter than a longitudinal extent of the tray 18. The tray 18 stands on a conveyor 24 of the feed conveyor 12. The feed conveyor 12 may be exemplified by a belt conveyor, so that the conveyor 24 in this case a webbing 26 which runs endlessly around deflection rollers 28 arranged at the end, of which only the upstream deflection pulley 28 is illustrated in FIG. 1. The deflection roller 28, and thus also the belt 26, are moved in a clockwise direction 30, so that the tray 18 is transported downstream in a conveying direction 32 parallel to the surface of the belt 26.
    By way of example, the separating conveyor 14 is likewise a belt conveyor 34. The belt conveyor 34 has two or more deflection rollers 36, 38 and 40. On the pulleys 36, 38, 40, a belt 42 is tensioned, which rotates endlessly in the clockwise direction 44. One of the deflection rollers 36 to 40 may be driven, the drive not being shown explicitly in FIG. 1. The separating conveyor 14 has in FIG. 1 a triangular cross-section. It is understood that the cross section of the separating conveyor 12 may also have other cross sections.
    Optionally, a runner 46 can be arranged between the separating conveyor 14 and the feed conveyor 12, which will be explained in more detail in connection with FIG. 2 and which serves to hold down the shelf 18 during a separation process of the carton 22 from the tray 18. The runner 46 is provided below the separation conveyor 14 and above the feed conveyor 12 and is upstream of the separation conveyor 14 upstream. The runner 46 extends substantially parallel to the belt 26 and may be formed bent up at its upstream end to facilitate feeding a tray 18 into a space defined by the runner 46 and the belt 26. The runner 46 guides the tray 18 under the separation conveyor 14, wherein the distance between the runner 46 and the belt 26 is preferably in the order of the height HR of the edge 50 of the tray 18.
    A conveying plane 52 of the separating conveyor 14 includes an acute angle α with a conveying plane 54 of the feeding conveyor 12. Since the conveying plane 52 of the separating conveyor 14 is preferably oriented horizontally, the conveying plane 54 of the feeding conveyor 12 also includes the angle α with the horizontal.
    The feed conveyor 12 and the separating conveyor 14 may be connected to a higher-level control device 56 via hard-wired lines 58 and / or a radio links 59 for exchanging data and signals. In particular, the control device 56 can influence the rotational speed or transport speed of the conveyors 12, 14 or other manipulated variables to be explained later. The separating conveyor 14 preferably runs at a higher speed than the feed conveyor 12. In this way it is ensured that an excavation or separation process takes place as quickly as possible. Jamming of the container 20 between the separating conveyor 14 and the feed conveyor 12 should be avoided as far as possible. Specifically, the conveyor 24 of the infeed conveyor 12 is made of a high stiction material such as silicone, or is coated with this material to prevent the loading aids 16 from slipping in the upstream direction during a separation and excavation operation.
    Referring to FIG. 2, a top view of the assembly 10 of FIG. 1 is shown. The belt 26 of the feed conveyor 12 is here designed to be wider than the separating conveyor 14. However, the tray 18 can be aligned with centering means not shown here on the conveyor 24 of the feed conveyor 12 so that it is arranged centrally relative to the longitudinal axis of the separating conveyor 14, as shown in Fig. 2.
    The runners 46 are arranged laterally to the separating conveyor 14, so that they can hold down in the longitudinal direction oriented edge portions of the tray 18. It will be appreciated that the separation conveyor 14 may also be made narrower and that the runners 16 may have an adjustment mechanism (not shown) for transversal movement, i.e., in the transverse direction. perpendicular to the transport direction 32, to be able to adjust such that also loading aids 16 can be handled with different widths. The separation conveyor 14 may also be narrower than a width of the carton 22. The width of the separating conveyor 14 is to be selected such that a container 20 interacts at least by friction with a sufficiently large surface of the conveying means 34 of the separating conveyor 14 in order to lift the container 20 onto the separating conveyor 14.
    In FIGS. 8 and 9, the force components occurring during an excavating and separating operation are illustrated in a highly schematic manner and in a simplified manner using the example of the unloading station of FIGS. 1 and 2. In Figs. 8 and 9, the feed conveyor 12 and the separation conveyor 14 of Figs. 1 and 2 are only partially shown. For reasons of clarity, the loading aid 16 has been omitted.
    FIG. 8 shows such force components into which a propulsion force F.sub.Vord of the feed conveyor 12 can be disassembled in the form of a force parallelogram. The feed conveyor 12 exerts by the circumferential movement of his belt 22, the driving force Fvortrieb on the container 20, which is oriented parallel to the conveyor plane 54. Once the bundle 20 abuts a front end of the separation conveyor 14 shown in FIG. 8, the driving force Fvortrieb can be disassembled into a horizontal component Frorizontal and a vertical component Fverukal exerted by the container 20 onto the separation conveyor 14 , The horizontal component FHOrizontal is oriented parallel to the conveying plane 52 of the separating conveyor 14. The component Fvertikal is perpendicular to the conveying plane 52 of the separating conveyor 14. The separating conveyor 14 in turn acts with a corresponding counter force Fkarton on the container 20 (cardboard), which can be disassembled into the horizontal component FGEgen and the vertical component FHUb. FHUb is responsible for removing the carton from the tray. An ideally stiff cardboard would thus be lifted in a freely rotating roller 40 solely by Fvortrieb or FHUb.
    The propulsion force always runs through the center of the roller, ideally rigid container. perpendicular to the front of the container. A real box is deformed by the role. Therefore, a balance between the contact force and acting on the rear edge of the container would react fairly quickly in a non-driven role. It is therefore necessary to drive the roller 40 and thus let a force Fjangential act on the front of the container. In a frictional power transmission, this force can maximally the value "friction coefficient x contact force " accept. The tangential force Fjangential is shown in FIG.
    It is understood that the rotational speeds of the conveyor 12, 14 can be coordinated with each other so that the container 20 is not damaged by the contact force. Furthermore, the position of the center of gravity of the container 20 is to be considered. The further forward the center of gravity lies, the greater must be the excavation force. The further back the center of gravity lies, the smaller the excavation force may be.
    Should the frictional engagement that occurs between the conveying means, in particular the front end of the separating conveyor 12, and the container 20, once the container 20 is conveyed by the feed conveyor 12 against the front end of the separating conveyor 14, not sufficient to the Container 20 to lift out of the load carrier 16, the front guide roller 40, for example be provided laterally distributed to the conveyor 42 of the separation conveyor 14 with circumferentially, perpendicular from the guide roller 40 projecting spikes (not shown) be provided. The deflection roller 40 is then longer than the width of the conveying means 42 of the separating conveyor 14, and thus longer than in the example shown in FIG. These spikes, not shown here, can drill into the end face of the cardboard 22, in particular when using cardboard boxes 22, which leads to a positive connection between the separating conveyor 14 and the cardboard 22.
    Alternatively, it is possible to lift the boxes 22 solely by a positive connection and deliver them to the separating conveyor 14. In this case, the separating conveyor 14 would be preceded by a thorn roller, if it is at the separating conveyor 14 to a belt conveyor. The problem with this approach is only the damage of the carton 22. If the center of gravity of the carton 22 is unfavorable, the carton 22 can be considerably damaged if the inherent rigidity is too low. However, this depends on the individual case.
    However, it is clear from FIGS. 8 and 9 that, due to the arrangement according to the present invention, containers 20 can simply be lifted out of loading aids 16 and transported away, without position sensors or similar sensors having to be used to relatively control the movements of the conveyors to coordinate with each other.
    The conveyors 12, 14 can be operated continuously, which increases the throughput elevation.
    However, the basic requirement is that a height of the container 20 is sufficiently high, so that the container 20 extends beyond the edge 50 of the loading aid 16 and thus allows contact between the container 20 and the front end of the separating conveyor 14. It is understood that the height HR of the frame 50 is preferably to be kept as low as possible. However, HR is usually set by the customer and can vary greatly from case to case.
    Referring to Fig. 3, an unloading station 10-1 according to the present invention is shown in a side view. The unloading station 10-1 of Fig. 3 also has a feed conveyor 12-1 and a separation conveyor 14-1. The conveying planes 52 'and 54' of the separating conveyor 14-1 and of the feeding conveyor 12-1 also enclose an acute angle α with each other, wherein the feeding conveyor 12-1 is oriented substantially horizontally and wherein the conveying plane 52 'of the separating conveyor 14-1 rises downstream. The separating conveyor 14-1 has here only two deflection rollers 40 '(at the front end of the separating conveyor) and 44'. The pulley 44 'may be a powered roller with an integrated motor.
    At the circulating belt 26 of the feed conveyor 12-1 stop strips 60 -hier here, for example, triangular cross-section - are mounted in the transverse direction. The stop bars 60 prevent the tray 18 on the infeed conveyor 12-1 from moving too far upstream, i. opposite to the transport direction 32, is displaced by the stationary separation conveyor 14-1, the static friction between the tray 18 and feed conveyor 12-1 should not be sufficient to hold the tray 18 on the feed conveyor 12-1. This offset will always occur when the counterforce caused by the fixed separation conveyor 14-1 to the total contact force permits overcoming the static friction. But the bars 60 also increase the risk that the container is wedged. Therefore, the roller 40 is to be connected to a clutch.
    If the tray 18 abuts the stop bar 60, the rotational speed of the separating conveyor 14-1 should be so large that the container 20 is dug out of the tray 18 sufficiently quickly before it comes to a mechanical blockage. This size can be in knowledge of the pitch angle a, the clear length of the container 20 in longitudinal or. Transport direction 32 and the size of the transport speed 32 calculate. While the container 20 is being excavated by the rotation of the separation conveyor 14-1, the length of the diagonal between the upper edge of the trailing edge of the tray 18 and the line of contact between the front of the container 20 and the apex of the diverting pulley 40 'is steadily shortened. With knowledge of this difference in length and the transport speed of the feed conveyor 12-1 can thus calculate the time interval in which the container 20 must be excavated. Furthermore, one knows the path length to be traveled effectively in the direction of the front side of the container 20, so that the lifting speed or the rotational speed of the separating conveyor 14-1 can be calculated therefrom. Here it was tacitly assumed that the container 20 is located in front in the tray and / or the driver 60 initially has a distance from the tray. Alternatively, the feed conveyor can be stopped.
    Referring to Fig. 4, there is shown a side view of another embodiment of a discharge station 10-2 according to the present invention. The unloading station 10-2 of Fig. 4 differs from the unloading station 10-1 of Fig. 3 by the configuration of the separating conveyor. The separating conveyor 14-2 of FIG. 4 rises with respect to the feed conveyor 12-1 with a pitch α. However, the separation conveyor 14-2 has more pulleys. In addition to the deflection roller 40 'of the front end of the separation conveyor 14-2 and in addition to the motor-driven deflection roller 44', the separation conveyor 14-2 has three further deflection rollers 62, 63 and 64. The pulleys 44 'and 62 to 64 are fixed. However, the front deflection roller 40 'is mounted parallel to the transport direction 32 of the feed conveyor 12-1, displaceably, preferably against a spring device, in a slot 68 as a buffer device 66. The farther the front deflection roller 40 'is moved downstream, the greater the counterforce caused, for example, by a spring 11/27 Austrian Patent Office AT12 567B1 2012-07-15. The front guide roller 40 'is thus able to avoid a container 20 a little way, especially when the feed conveyor 12-1 is operated continuously. However, the farther the front deflection pulley 40 'evades, the greater is the force acting counter to the contact force FANPRESS. The buffer device 66 additionally prevents the development of mechanical blockages.
    It is understood that in addition to the deflection roller 40 'at least one of the deflection rollers 62-64 is slidably mounted to allow the separation conveyor 14-2 to avoid a container 20 by a certain amount, wherein by the displacement of the rollers 62-64 the conveyor belt of the separating conveyor remains tensioned.
    Fig. 5 shows another embodiment of an unloading station 10-3 according to the present invention.
    The unloading station 10-3 has a separating conveyor 14-3 and exemplarily the feed conveyor 12-1. It is understood that other feed conveyor 12 can be used.
    The separation conveyor 14-3 is realized here in the form of a roller conveyor consisting of a plurality of rollers 70. The rollers 70 in turn define a conveying plane 52 '", which is arranged parallel to the conveying plane 54' of the feeding conveyor 12-1 here. It is understood that the conveying plane 52 " ' may also be inclined with its angle α relative to the feed conveyor 12-1, as shown in the preceding figures.
    The unloading station 12-3 of Fig. 5 is particularly well suited for digging (plastic) containers or cartons which are empty. Even if the conveying planes of the separating conveyor 14-3 and the feeding conveyor 12-1 are not inclined to each other, at least the lifting of empty containers works.
    Referring to Fig. 6, a further modification of an unloading station 10-4 according to the invention is shown. The unloading station 10-4 is most similar to the unloading station 10-1 of FIG. 3. However, at the unloading station 10-4, the conveying plane 52 of the separating conveyor 14-4 is substantially horizontal, with minor angular deviations permissible, oriented to the feeding conveyor 12 which drops at an angle α with respect to the separation conveyor 14-4. The separating conveyor 14-4 here has two pulleys, of which the rear one is driven.
    In addition, in Fig. 6, a further conveyor 80 is shown, which adjoins downstream to the feed-in conveyor 12 and disposed of empty loading aids 16. It is understood that additional conveyors 80 may be provided at both the upstream and downstream ends of the infeed conveyor 12 in all embodiments of the unloading station according to the present invention.
    Fig. 7 shows a further embodiment of an unloading station 10-5 according to the present invention. The unloading station 10-5 is similar to the unloading station 10-2 of Fig. 4 constructed, wherein the conveying plane of the feed conveyor 12 relative to the horizontally oriented conveying plane of the separation conveyor 14-5 drops at an angle α.
    Similar to the separation conveyor 14-2, the separation conveyor 14-5 of Fig. 7 may include a buffer means 66 'for allowing the front deflection roller at the front end of the separation conveyor 14-5 to escape in the transport direction 32 of the delivery conveyor 12.
    The rear guide roller of the separation conveyor 14-5 serves as a rotation axis, since the Trennför-makers 14-5 is pivotally mounted about the rotation axis 82. At the front end, which is freely pivotable, a rear part 84 is preferably mounted to retrieve the front end of the separating conveyor 14-5 from a lowered state (not shown), in which the front end has been lowered so far into the tray 18, that it can come in contact with the bottom of the tray.
    In Fig. 7, the initial position of the separation conveyor 14-5 is shown. The separation conveyor 14-5 is operated endlessly circulating clockwise. As soon as the container 20 comes into contact with the front end of the separating conveyor 14-5, the rotation of the conveying means of the separating conveyor 14-5 effects a downward movement of the front end along the front side of the container 20 in the tray 18 in the direction of the bottom thereof. It is understood that the remaining deflection rollers are freely pivotable, since they are only rotatably mounted in the frame of the separation conveyor 14-5.
    At the latest when the front end of the separating conveyor 14-5 has reached the bottom of the tray 18, the container 20 can be lifted without problems on the separating conveyor 14-5 and transported away. If the conveying means of the separating conveyor 14-5 rotate much faster than the feed conveyor 12, the lowering of the front end of the separating conveyor 14-5 and the removal of the container 20 is so fast that a restoring force of the return mechanism 84 is sufficient to the front end of the separation conveyor 14-5 in time to move out of the tray 18 that there is no collision with the rear edge of the tray.
    If the weight of the container 20 be very large, the return movement can also be done by means of an external power assistance. The restoring force of the return mechanism 84 is in any case designed so that the separating conveyor 14-5 is arranged in its initial position relative to the feed conveyor 12 so that a tray or its edge can be passed under the separating conveyor 14-5.
    Referring to Fig. 10, another embodiment of an unloading station 100 according to the present invention is shown in a side view. The unloading station 100 in turn has a separating conveyor 14 with an endlessly circulating belt 42 implemented here in the form of a belt conveyor and a feed conveyor 12 in the form of a belt conveyor 26, likewise implemented as a belt conveyor, with an endlessly circulating belt 26. Upstream relative to the separating conveyor 14, a lateral excavating device 102 is shown, which here has two gripping belts with a predetermined extension in the vertical direction, which are endlessly circulating in a vertical plane laterally of the feed conveyor 12 (see plan view of FIG. The gripping bands 104, 106 are mounted to be movable relative to one another in the horizontal direction, as illustrated by a double arrow 108 in FIG. 11. FIG. 11 shows a gripping position in which the carton 22 is laterally gripped by both straps 104, 106 such that it does not slip downwards in the vertical direction due to a frictional connection. In a receiving position, not shown, the bands 104, 106 in the horizontal direction so far apart that the carton 22 can be retracted without problems between the bands by means of the feed conveyor 12.
    Should the frictional engagement of the belts 104, 106 be insufficient to compensate for the vertical force component caused by the weight force during transport to the separation conveyor 14, the belts 104, 106 may additionally be provided with spikes, spikes or the like to provide additional support (or exclusive) form fit. Disadvantage, in turn, be the damage to the surface of the container.
    The embodiment of the unloading station 100 according to FIGS. 10 and 11, however, makes it necessary upstream of the mechanism 102 to determine the width of the container 20 to be gripped. The width in turn determines the distance of the gripping belts 104, 106 in the closed position, as shown in Fig. 11. In addition, it may be advantageous if the weight of the container 20 is also known in advance.
    Advantage of this approach, however, is that the container 20 may have a base area which corresponds to a base surface of the loading aid 16 is almost. When the footprints are approximately equal, it is advisable to provide a rail 46, similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2. The rails 46 prevent the loader 16 from being lifted onto the separation conveyor 14 at the same time as the drum 20 , The rail 46 is arranged in the region of the front end of the separating conveyor 14 so that it dips below the separating conveyor 14, so that the loading aid 16, here the tray 18, can be disposed of safely after a separation has taken place from the container 20. [00123] Referring to FIG. 12, a side view of another embodiment of an unloading station 120 according to the invention is shown. In turn, the unloading station 120 has a substantially horizontally oriented separating conveyor 14 and a feed conveyor 12 sloping relative thereto, which are here again implemented in the form of belt straps by way of example. It will be appreciated that the conveyors 12, 14, both here and in the other embodiments, may be implemented by other types of conveyors, such as roller conveyors, belt conveyors, chain conveyors, or the like.
    In addition to the optional rail 46, which is at least partially upstream of the separation conveyor 14 in the manner already described above, here another excavation mechanism 122 is shown. The excavating mechanism 122 is pivotally mounted about a rigid pivot axis 126 and has a pivot arm 126 and at the opposite end a preferably driven excavating roller 128 which extends substantially transverse to the longitudinal direction of the preferably parallel oriented conveyors 12,14.
    The excavating mechanism 122 is shown in Fig. 12 in its receiving position. In the receiving position, the pivot arm 126 is moved in an upstream stop position and is held there by means of a counter force FB in this position. The counterforce FB is preferably always smaller than a maximum driving force. The excavating roller 128 is located between its receiving position and a discharge position, which is indicated in Fig. 12 by means of a dashed line, a path length H2, which is approximately of the order of a stop height of Aushubrolle 128 at the front of the here in the form of a carton 22 implemented container 20 lies. In the delivery position, the excavating roller 128 is directly opposite the front end of the separating conveyor 14.
    The embodiment shown in Fig. 12 is particularly well suited for heavy containers 20, since the excavating roller 128 is usually driven and in addition with means for generating a positive connection - in addition to the frictional connection - can be equipped. The counterforce Fβ, which is preferably only slightly smaller than the driving force, shifts the time of lifting forward and allows so that the container 20, before it comes in the immediate vicinity of the front end of the separating conveyor 14, already by a certain height difference was raised. Preferably, when the excavating mechanism 122 reaches its dispensing position, the container 20 has already been fully lifted and the excavating roller 128 is below the container 20, i. is in contact with the bottom of the container 20.
    The distance traveled by the pivot arm 126 is indicated by an arrow 130 in FIG. 12 again.
    In Fig. 13A, a modification 120 'of the unloading station 120 of Fig. 12 is shown.
    While the unloading station 120 of FIG. 12 preferably operates during continuous operation of the infeed conveyor 12, the infeed conveyor 120 'of FIG. 13A is operated intermittently.
    As shown in the top view of FIG. 13B, on a loading aid 16, which is here implemented in the form of a shelf 18 ', the bottom of the loading aid 16 has recesses 144, through which lifting stems 142 of an additional lifting mechanism 140 (see FIG 13A) while the tray is resting on the feed conveyor 12. The lifting device 140 is arranged below the feed conveyor 12, which may be implemented here in the form of a belt conveyor or a multi-unit belt conveyor, so that there is sufficient space between the conveying means for the passage of the lifting ram 142 through the conveying plane 54 of the feed conveyor 12.
    As soon as, for example, it is detected by means of a light barrier (not shown here) that the tray 18 'is in its dispensing position (see the tray 18' shown on the right in FIG 142 has excavated the carton 22 so far from the tray 18 'that the excavating mechanism 122, as has already been described in connection with FIG. 12, moves from its delivery position into the receptacle. 15 can be moved. The receiving position or position of the excavating roller 128 is shown in FIG. 13A by means of a dotted circle. Subsequently, the feed conveyor 12 can be turned on again, wherein the punch 142 has been previously lowered again, so that the carton 22 is automatically conveyed over the back pivoting arm 126 of the excavating mechanism 122 on the separating conveyor 14, which is inclined here by way of example rising. Alternatively or additionally, the excavating roller 128 may also be designed to be driven in order to accelerate the separation process of the carton 22 from the tray 18 '.
    Referring to Figs. 14 to 17, another embodiment of an unloading station 150 according to the present invention will be explained. Fig. 14 is a side view and Fig. 15 is a plan view of the unloading station 150. Fig. 16 is a front view of a tray 18 'and Fig. 17 is a plan view of the tray 18'.
    Referring to Fig. 14, the unloading station 150 has a feed conveyor 12 which drops from a horizontal with an inclination angle α. Furthermore, it has a separation station 14, which in turn increases with an inclination angle β with respect to the horizontal.
    Below the upper run of the endlessly circulating feed conveyor 12, a roller 152 is mounted so that it either from the conveyor plane 54 of the feed conveyor 12 either permanently protruding or by means of a lifting device 140 'briefly lifted out of the conveyor plane 54.
    The separation conveyor 14 is arranged so that it dips into a shadow space, which is defined by the opening plane of the tray 18 'and the bottom of the carton 22 when the carton 22 is in its maximum excavated state. The maximum excavated position is dependent on the center of gravity of the carton 22. Once the center of gravity has crossed an axis of rotation 154 in the horizontal direction, the carton 22 tilts back towards the downstream end of the tray 18 '. In Fig. 14, the carton 22 is shown just before this maximum position. It can be seen that the front end of the separating conveyor 14 already protrudes slightly below the bottom of the carton 22 and thus can receive the carton 22.
    The roller 152 may, as already mentioned above, either permanently protrude from the conveying plane 54 of the feed conveyor 12 or may be moved through the conveying plane 54 for a predetermined period of time at a predetermined time to that shown by way of example in FIG State to reach. In both cases, the roller 152 can be mounted to rotate loosely. Alternatively, however, the roller 152 can also be driven in order to accelerate the removal of the lifted carton 22.
    In Fig. 15 is a plan view of the arrangement of Fig. 14 is shown. The conveying means 26 of the feed conveyor 26 is implemented here in the form of a tripartite belt 26-1, 26-2 and 26-3. Belts are each spaced apart in the transverse direction (perpendicular to the longitudinal direction or transport direction) by a gap width S and so define by way of example two gaps 156 between them. In these columns 156, the rollers 152 may be provided.
    When the tray is provided with continuous slot-shaped recesses 164, as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the rollers 152 may permanently protrude from the conveying plane 54 of the feed conveyor 12. The tray 18 'acquires its torsional rigidity through the circumferential and circumferentially closed edge 50. The gaps 164 have a height Hs and a width S + Δ which is slightly greater than the gap width S of the gaps 156 to be somewhat transverse Have game when the tray 18 'is guided over the rollers 152.
    Furthermore, an alignment device 161 can be provided upstream, which is implemented here by way of example in the form of two baffles 162 tapering in a funnel shape. The baffles 162 ensure that trays 18 'can be transported arbitrarily aligned in the direction of the feed conveyor 12, but are aligned relative to the rollers 152 with their columns 164, as soon as the tray 18' on the rollers 152 away 15/27 Austrian Patent Office AT12 567B1 2012-07-15.
    Hereinafter, a separation process will be described, wherein the roller 152 is loosely mounted around its rotational axis 154 in an unspecified here machine frame of the feed conveyor 12. The role 152 is not necessarily to drive. Once the tray 18 'is guided with its front edge over the rollers 152, the rollers 152 come into contact with the lower front edge of the carton 22. The feed conveyor 12 pushes the tray 18 'continuously, so that the carton 22 step by step further from the tray 18' dug - and at the same time also moves downstream - is.
    The advantage of this solution is that for lifting no further drive, for example, for the rollers 152, is needed. Also, no sensors for determining the dimension of the container or the relative position of the loading aid to the separating conveyor or the rollers 152 are required. The separation process is automatic and preferably unregulated. With knowledge of the load distribution of the container to be lifted a mechanical blockage is almost impossible.
    As an alternative to the fixed mounting of the rotation axis 154 relative to the feed conveyor 12, the rollers 152 may also be connected to a lifting mechanism 140 ', so that they rest in their initial position below the feed conveyor 12 and in its driven position, the conveying plane 54 penetrate sufficiently far. The advantage of this solution is that the rollers 152 protrude from the conveying plane 54 only for a certain period of time, so that the peripheral edge 50 of the tray 18 does not have to be slit at its front or rear side. In Fig. 18, only in the bottom of a tray 18 " to see a slot-like opening 164. As a result, the (twisting) rigidity of the tray 18 " significantly increased compared to the tray 18 '.
    However, the movable arrangement of the rollers 152 requires that a sensor 160, preferably upstream relative to the rollers 152, be provided, which initiates a start signal for the extension and retraction movement of the lift mechanism 140 '. This start signal is e.g. through the front edge of the tray 18 " set. The sensor 160 may be implemented in the form of a light scanner or a light barrier that supports the front edge of the shelf 18 " detected.
    It is understood that at the unloading station 150, one or more rollers 152 may be provided. Alternatively to the rollers 152, other conveyors could be used, such as e.g. narrow belt conveyor, which fit into the recesses between the conveying means 26.
    The great advantage of the unloading station 150 is that the conveyors 12, 14 can be operated at very high transport speeds without compromising the reliability of the separation process.
    The ejector rollers 152, particularly when using the tray 18 " also be controlled mechanically. For this purpose, further, pivotable rollers can be provided in the region of the end face of the loading aid, which are pushed away (given away) by the loading aid during an approach to the separating conveyor 14. These other rollers are coupled via a lever mechanism with the excavating rollers 152 so that they dive into the slots in the loading aid synchronized and lift the container so. Subsequently, the entire mechanism can be e.g. be reset by means of spring force. A similar mechanism (facial expressions) can be used with punches instead of excavating rollers.
    With reference to Fig. 19, there are shown common method steps needed to separate a package 20 from a loading aid 16 as the separation operation is performed with any loading station as described above in numerous embodiments.
    In a first step, a feed conveyor 12 and an endlessly circulating separation conveyor 14 is provided, so that a conveying plane 54 of the feed conveyor 12 relative to a conveying plane 52 of the separating conveyor 14 is inclined at an acute angle α, wherein a front end of the separating conveyor 14 so is arranged that a befindlicher on the feed conveyor 16/27
    权利要求:
    Claims (19)
    [1]
    Austrian Patent Office AT12 567B1 can be passed under the separating conveyor 14 (see step S1). In a further step S2, loading aids 16, including containers 20, are conveyed via the feed conveyor 12, preferably by continuous operation of the feed conveyor 12. In a step S3, the conveying means 26 of the feed conveyor 12 is driven, the container 20 from the conveyor 42 of the separation conveyor 14, a pivotally mounted excavating roller 128, laterally opposite, in a vertical plane revolving laterally drivable conveyors 102, 104 or lifting means 140; 152 below the feed conveyor 12, which can pass through the conveying means 26 of the feed conveyor 12, is raised to be requested by the separating conveyor 14. It is understood that a plurality of containers 20 can be removed from a loading aid in the manner described above. Various functional complexes (e.g., lift mechanism 140, roller 152, belts 102 and 104, etc.) are shown. In particular, various possibilities have been shown to combine these. Other combinations will be apparent to those skilled in the art when based on the present description. Claims 1. An unloading station (10; 100; 120; 150) for automatically separating a container (20) which is mounted on a loading aid (16), in particular a tray (18), with a peripheral edge (50) which is substantially constant Height (HR) is stored by the loading aid (16), said unloading station comprising: a feed conveyor (12); and an endless circulating separating conveyor (14); wherein the infeed conveyor (12) conveys the loading aid (16) longitudinally downstream (32) to the separation conveyor (14), wherein a conveying plane (54) of the infeed conveyor (12) is at an acute angle (a) to a conveying plane (52) of the separation conveyor (14), wherein in particular the feed conveyor (12) drops in the direction of the horizontally oriented separation conveyor (14), and wherein the separation conveyor (14) is arranged relative to the feed conveyor (12) such that the edge (50) of the loading aid (16 ) is conveyable under the separating conveyor (14), so that a front, the feed conveyor (12) facing the end of the separating conveyor (14) when a loading aid (16) below the separating conveyor (18) is required, on the container (20 ) comes into abutment and lifts the container (20) from the loading aid (16) onto the separating conveyor (14) and thus separates from the loading aid (16).
    [2]
    2. unloading station according to claim 1, wherein means (60) for fixing the loading aid (16) on the feed conveyor (12) are mounted on a conveying means (26) of the feed conveyor (12).
    [3]
    3. unloading station according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a conveying means (26) of the feed conveyor (12) made of a material having high static friction or at least partially coated with this material.
    [4]
    4. unloading station according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the feed conveyor (12) is operated continuously.
    [5]
    5. unloading station according to one of the preceding claims, wherein below the separating conveyor (14) lateral skids (46) are arranged, the longitudinally extending portions of the edge (50) of the loading aid (16) during a separation process hold down so that the loading aid (16 ) substantially on the feed conveyor (12) dwells. 17/27 Austrian Patent Office AT12 567B1 2012-07-15
    [6]
    6. unloading station according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the separating conveyor (12) is a belt conveyor, in particular a knife belt, eats or a roller conveyor (70).
    [7]
    An unloading station according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the separating conveyor (14) comprises buffering means (66) so that the front end of the separating conveyor (14) can partially retract during the separating operation.
    [8]
    8. unloading station according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the separating conveyor (14) is pivotally mounted in the region of its rear end, so that the front end of the separating conveyor (14) during a separating operation in the direction of a bottom of the loading aid (16) is movable.
    [9]
    9. unloading station according to claim 8, wherein the pivotable front end of the separating conveyor (14) is power assisted after a successful separation of the container (20) from the loading aid (16) from the loading aid (16) out into its initial position movable.
    [10]
    10. unloading station according to one of the preceding claims, wherein further comprises a position sensor (160) is provided, which detects a front and / or a rear edge of the container and / or the loading aid (20).
    [11]
    11. unloading station according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the separating conveyor (12) is operated at a higher speed than the feed conveyor (12).
    [12]
    12. unloading station according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the separating conveyor (14) in addition a, preferably driven, excavating roller (128) is upstream such that the excavating roller (128) by the transport movement of the feed conveyor (12) against an end face of the container (20 ) and thereby moved under the container (20).
    [13]
    13. unloading station according to claim 12, wherein the excavating roller (128) is pivotally mounted such that it is inclined in a receiving position to the feed conveyor (12) and that it is pivotable into a dispensing position, where it the front end of the separating conveyor (14). opposite to deliver the excavated container (20) to the separating conveyor (14).
    [14]
    14. unloading station according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the feed conveyor (12) is arranged sloping to the preferably horizontally oriented separating conveyor (14).
    [15]
    15. unloading station according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a conveying surface (54) of the feed conveyor (12) in the transverse direction is divided such that one or more, preferably freely rotating rollers (152) from the conveying surface (54) project, so that the A container (20) is lifted out of the loading aid (16; 18 ') which has one or more slot-like recesses (164; 164') which preferably extend into the edge (50) of the loading aid (16) the loading aid (16) is moved by the supply conveyor (12) with its recesses (164; 164 ') over the rollers (152), wherein the separation conveyor (14) is arranged to receive the excavated container (20) before a Center of gravity of the container (20) has passed the rollers (152).
    [16]
    16. unloading station according to claim 15, wherein the feed conveyor (12) has a centering device (161), preferably baffles (162) to the loading aid (16) before a passage of the rollers (152) with its recesses (164; 164 '). to align with the rollers (152).
    [17]
    17. unloading station according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the loading aid (20) only in its bottom holes (144) for the passage of lifting means (140), wherein the feed conveyor (12) in its conveying means recesses (156), at least in Are provided in the region of the front end of the separation conveyor (14), so that the lifting means by the feed conveyor (12) and the holes to be aligned accordingly holes in the bottom of the loading aid can engage. 18/27 Austrian Patent Office AT12 567B1 2012-07-15
    [18]
    18. unloading station according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a control device (56) is provided, a transport speed of the feed conveyor (12), a transport speed of the separating conveyor (14) in particular variable, a pivoting movement of a free end of the separating conveyor (14), a lifting movement of drive means (140) and / or a pivoting movement of a Aushubrolle (148) controls.
    [19]
    A method of separating a can (20) from a loading aid (16), in particular a tray (18, 18 ', 18 "), having an edge of substantially constant height (HR), comprising the steps of: providing a A feed conveyor (12) and an endlessly circulating separating conveyor (14), so that a conveying plane (54) of the feed conveyor (12) relative to a conveying plane (52) of the separating conveyor (14) is inclined at an acute angle (a), wherein a front end the separating conveyor (14) is arranged so that a loading aid (16) located on the feed conveyor (12) can be conveyed under the separating conveyor (14); Requesting loading aids (16) including containers (20) via the feed conveyor (12), preferably by continuous operation of the feed conveyor (12); Operating the conveying means (26) of the feed conveyor (12), wherein the container (20) from the conveyor (34) of the separating conveyor (14), from a pivotally mounted excavating roller (148), from the side opposite, in a vertical plane, is lifted laterally accessible conveyors (102, 104, 106) or lifting means (140) below the feed conveyor, which can pass through the conveying means (54) of the feed conveyor to be conveyed away from the separating conveyor (14). For this 8 sheets drawings 19/27
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    同族专利:
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    AT12567U8|2012-10-15|
    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    2013-04-15| HA| Change or addition of new inventor|Inventor name: ANDREAS HINTZ, CH Effective date: 20130228 Inventor name: ROBERT FRANKHAUSER, AT Effective date: 20130228 |
    2018-10-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20180228 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102009008155A|DE102009008155A1|2009-02-09|2009-02-09|Unloading station for automated separation of a container from a loading aid|
    PCT/EP2010/000782|WO2010089150A1|2009-02-09|2010-02-09|Unloading station for automatically separating a bundle from loading equipment|
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